Approaching Physician Suicide as a Problem Requiring Healthcare System Change
ACP recognizes Physician Suicide as a complex problem requiring system change and has compiled an annotated list of resources on various types of programs and research in this area.

While overall research and data on this subject remains sparse, the most consistent finding is a lack of agreement amongst experts, researchers, and physician leaders on the causes of physician suicide, how to report it, and what can be done to prevent it. Although this is a complex topic that cannot be distilled to simple binary debates, there continues to be discussion around the importance of pre-existing conditions/personal responsibility versus systemic issues, privacy concerns, lack of accurate data and the demand for more time and resources devoted to this topic. One suggestion was to encourage reporting of physician suicides to the CDC’s National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS) to build a more accurate and robust dataset.
In addition to these concerns, there has been positive progress on the advocacy front, such as The Dr. Lorna Breen Health Care Provider Protection Act. It is legislation supporting health workers’ mental health and wellbeing and must be reauthorized by Congress so that its programs, including developing suicide prevention resources tailored to the unique working conditions of health workers; supporting evidence-informed programs to reduce health worker burnout and improve working conditions; and providing innovative training materials for healthcare leaders to address the specific operational factors and burdens driving burnout of their workforce can continue.
What ACP is Doing
ACP has been a strong voice advocating for the need to reduce stigma and help physicians know they are not alone. ACP’s efforts include:
Advocating for System Change
- Promotes reducing stigma around physicians seeking mental health care
- Developed Patients Before Paperwork Initiative and Advocacy Toolkit to modernize license/credentialing applications.
National Partnerships
- Joined National Physician Suicide Awareness (NPSA) Day coalition with 150+ partners.
- Expanded efforts into a year-round campaign supporting mental health help-seeking and positive work environments.
Support for Physicians
- Goal: ensure physicians know they’re not alone; seeking help = strength.
- Published policy paper on Physician Suicide Prevention and the Ethics and Role of a Healing Community.
- ACP offers a CME case study on physician suicide prevention and the ethics and role of the physician colleague and the healing community
Educational Resources
- Micro-learnings, covering topics such as:
- Building support networks
- Promoting psychological safety
- Fostering belonging in communities
- Peer coaching to support colleagues in need
Efforts to decrease burnout and prevent physician suicide are built into these ACP products and services, yet there is always an opportunity to find ways to highlight and better articulate those connections to ACP members. ACP has and will continue to advocate for healthy workplace conditions for physicians and their teams to reduce burnout, prevent suicidal behaviors and ideations, and increase overall physician well-being and professional fulfillment.
Other Organizations Supporting Suicide Prevention and Research
National Physician Suicide Awareness Day (NPSADay/September 17) is a reminder and call to action. Its goal is to help make time to talk—and to act—so physicians’ struggles don’t become mental health emergencies. The focus is to help prevent physician suicide by learning the signs, starting conversations, removing intrusive mental health questions from applications and sharing the resources that can help those in distress seek mental health care. Shareable Graphics for Suicide Awareness and Prevention
Additional Information
- Ask Suicide-Screening Questions (ASQ) Toolkit - National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
- American Foundation for Suicide Prevention
- Caring for Caregivers - Dr. Lorna Breen Heroes Foundation
- Coalition of Medical Specialty Societies
- Suicide Prevention - National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
- CDC – Suicide Prevention Programs
- National Action Alliance for Suicide Prevention
- 2024 National Strategy for Suicide Prevention | HHS.gov
- When trainee suicide happens, implement this action plan | American Medical Association
- 10 Facts About Physician Suicide and Mental Health - ACGME
- Quick Safety Issue: Supporting second victims-Joint Commission
Noteworthy Research
- National Incidence of Physician Suicide and Associated Features
- Suicide risk among residents and PhD students: A systematic review of the literature
- Suicide rates among physicians compared with the general population
- Factors associated with suicide in physicians: a silent stigma and public health problem that has not been studied
- Factors Influencing US Physician and Surgeon Suicide Rates 2003 to 2017: Analysis of the CDC National Violent Death Reporting System
- Amplifying Physician, Resident and Student Voices to Drive Wellbeing and Care Delivery Solutions | The Physicians Foundation
- Finding the Evidence Base Using Citation Networks: Do 300 to 400 US Physicians Die by Suicide Annually?
- Causes of Death of Residents in ACGME-Accredited Programs 2000 Through 2014: Implications for the Learning Environment
- Physician Suicide: A Scoping Review to Highlight Opportunities for Prevention
- Suicide among physicians and health-care workers: A systematic review and meta-analysis
- Suicide Rates by Industry and Occupation — National Violent Death Reporting System
- Physician death by suicide in the United States: 2012–2016